Zastosowanie elastooptycznych badań modelowych do wyznaczania optymalnych kształtów konstrukcji płaskich

The problem of determination of shapes of plane structures satisfying the condition of constant boundary stresses is formulated in the paper. Survey of relevant literature on this subject is given. Moreover, an experimental method consisting in improving the initial model by adding or substracting some material is presented in a more detailed manner. The displacement of the boundary calculated on the basis of photoelastic investigations and an approximate value of the stress gradient give the new improved shape of the model. This procedure may be repeated as long as the uniform boundary stress is obtained. The method described is illustrated on the example of determination of the transition line between a column and a beam.